The prohibition of giving gifts to agents
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Humaid as-Sa'idi that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed a man in charge of Sadaqa (authorising him to receive charity from the people on behalf of the State). He came (back to the Holy prophet) with a large number of things and started saying: This is for you and this has been presented to me as a gift. Here follows the tradition that has gone before except that 'Urwa (one of the narrators in the chain of transmitters) asked Abu Humaid: Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah (himself) (ﷺ)? He replied: My ears heard it from his mouth.
وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ ذَكْوَانَ وَهُوَ أَبُو الزِّنَادِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلاً عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَجَاءَ بِسَوَادٍ كَثِيرٍ فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ هَذَا لَكُمْ وَهَذَا أُهْدِيَ إِلَىَّ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ فَقُلْتُ لأَبِي حُمَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ أَسَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ مِنْ فِيهِ إِلَى أُذُنِي
The prohibition of giving gifts to agents
It has been reported on the authority of 'Adi b. 'Amira al-Kindi who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Whosoever from you is appointed by us to a position of authority and he conceals from us a needle or something smaller than that, it would be misappropriation (of public funds) and will (have to) produce it on the Day of Judgment. The narrator says: A dark-complexioned man from the Ansar stood up - I can visualise him still - and said: Messenger of Allah, take back from me your assignment. He said: What has happened to you? The man said: I have heard you say so and so. He said: I say that (even) now: Whosoever from you is appointed by us to a position of authority, he should bring everything, big or small, and whatever he is given therefrom he should take, and he should restrain himself from taking that which is forbidden.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ الْكِنْدِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَكَتَمَنَا مِخْيَطًا فَمَا فَوْقَهُ كَانَ غُلُولاً يَأْتِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اقْبَلْ عَنِّي عَمَلَكَ قَالَ وَمَا لَكَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقُولُهُ الآنَ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَلْيَجِئْ بِقَلِيلِهِ وَكَثِيرِهِ فَمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْهُ أَخَذَ وَمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ انْتَهَى
The prohibition of giving gifts to agents
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Isma'il with the same chain of transmitters.
وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ بِمِثْلِهِ
The prohibition of giving gifts to agents
Adi b. 'Amira al-Kindi heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying (as) was narrated in the (above-mentioned) hadith.
وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُوسَى حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ أَخْبَرَنَا قَيْسُ بْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَدِيَّ بْنَ عَمِيرَةَ الْكِنْدِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِهِمْ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Juraij that the Qur'anic injunction:" 0 you who believe, obey Allah, His Apostle and those in authority from amongst You" (iv. 59) -was revealed in respect of 'Abdullah b. Hudhafa b. Qais b. Adi al-Sahmi who was despatched by the Prophet (ﷺ) as leader of a military campaign. The narrator said: He was informed of this fact by Ya'la b. Muslim who was informed by Sa'id b. Jubair who in turn was informed by Ibn Abbas.
حَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَهَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ نَزَلَ [ 4 59 59] يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ فِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ السَّهْمِيِّ بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي سَرِيَّةٍ أَخْبَرَنِيهِ يَعْلَى بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Holy prophet (ﷺ) said: Whoso obeys me obeys God, and whoso disobeys me disobeys God. Whoso obeys the commander (appointed by me) obeys me, and whoso disobeys the commander disobeys me. The same tradition transmitted by different persons omits the portion: And whose disobeys the commander disobeys me.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِزَامِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِنِي فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ يُطِعِ الأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَنِي وَمَنْ يَعْصِ الأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي وَحَدَّثَنِيهِ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُر وَمَنْ يَعْصِ الأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoso obeys me obeys God; and whose disobeys me disobeys God. Whoso obeys my commander obeys me, and whoso disobeys my commander disobeys me.
وَحَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ أَطَاعَ أَمِيرِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَنِي وَمَنْ عَصَى أَمِيرِي فَقَدْ عَصَانِي
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira through another chain of transmitters.
وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا مَكِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِثْلِهِ سَوَاءً
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira by more than one chain of transmitters.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَلْقَمَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مِنْ فِيهِ إِلَى فِيَّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ح وَحَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ عَطَاءٍ سَمِعَ أَبَا عَلْقَمَةَ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِمْ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
Hammam b. Munabbih has transmitted this hadith on the authority of Abu Huraira.
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِهِمْ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
According to one version of the tradition, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Whoso obeys the commander. He did not say:" My commander."
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ حَيْوَةَ أَنَّ أَبَا يُونُسَ مَوْلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِذَلِكَ وَقَالَ مَنْ أَطَاعَ الأَمِيرَ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ أَمِيرِي وَكَذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: It is obligatory for you to listen to the ruler and obey him in adversity and prosperity, in pleasure and displeasure, and even when another person is given (rather undue) preference over you.
وَحَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ سَعِيدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَيْكَ السَّمْعَ وَالطَّاعَةَ فِي عُسْرِكَ وَيُسْرِكَ وَمَنْشَطِكَ وَمَكْرَهِكَ وَأَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْكَ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Dharr who said: My friend (i. e. the Holy Prophet) advised me to listen (to the man in position of authority) and obey (him) even if he were a slave maimed (and disabled).
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بَرَّادٍ الأَشْعَرِيُّ وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ إِنَّ خَلِيلِي أَوْصَانِي أَنْ أَسْمَعَ وَأُطِيعَ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَبْدًا مُجَدَّعَ الأَطْرَافِ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
In another version of the tradition, we have the wording:" An Abyssinian slave maimed and disabled."
وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ جَمِيعًا عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالاَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعَ الأَطْرَافِ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
Abu 'Imran narrated this hadith with a slight change of wording.
وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ كَمَا قَالَ ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَبْدًا مُجَدَّعَ الأَطْرَافِ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Husain who learnt the tradition from his grandmother. She said that she heard the Prophet (ﷺ) delivering his sermon on the occasion of the Last Pilgrimage. He was saying: If a slave is appointed over you and he conducts your affairs according to the Book of Allah, you should listen to him and obeey (his orders).
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَدَّتِي تُحَدِّثُ أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتِ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَخْطُبُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَلَوِ اسْتُعْمِلَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَبْدٌ يَقُودُكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Shu'ba with the same chain of transmitters, and he said: "An Abyssinian slave."
وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ ابْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالَ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
In other versions of the above tradition, the wordings are" an Abyssinian slave." and" a maimed Abyssinian slave".
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالَ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعًا
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
Another version of the tradition does not qualify the slave with the epithets" maimed,"" an Abyssinian" but makes the addition:" I have heard the Prophet (ﷺ) (say this) at Mina or 'Arafat."
وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعًا وَزَادَ أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمِنًى أَوْ بِعَرَفَاتٍ
The obligation of obeying leaders in matters that do not involve sin, but it is forbidden to obey them in sinful matters
It has been narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Husain who learnt the tradition from his grandmother. Umm Husain. He said': I heard her say: I performed Hajjat-ul-Wada' in the company of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He said a lot of things (on this occasion). Then I heard him say: If a maimed slave is appointed a commander over you the narrator says: I think she said:" a black stave" who leads you according to the Book of Allah, then listen to him and obey him.
وَحَدَّثَنِي سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَعْيَنَ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْقِلٌ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنْ جَدَّتِهِ أُمِّ الْحُصَيْنِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهَا تَقُولُ حَجَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ قَالَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَوْلاً كَثِيرًا ثُمَّ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنْ أُمِّرَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَبْدٌ مُجَدَّعٌ حَسِبْتُهَا قَالَتْ أَسْوَدُ يَقُودُكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا