DeenRoot

Mishkat al-Masabih

Book 11: Business Transactions

كتاب البيوع

Hadith 2883
مُتَّفق عَلَيْهِ — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 1

Ibn 'Abbas said that when God’s Messenger came to Medina they were paying one, two and three years in advance for fruits, so he said, “Those who pay in advance for anything must do so for a specified measure and weight with a specified time fixed.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثِّمَارِ السَّنَةَ وَالسَّنَتَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثِ فَقَالَ مَنْ سلف فِي شَيْءٍ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُوم إِلَى أجل مَعْلُوم

Hadith 2884
مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 1

'A’isha said that God’s Messenger bought some grain from a Jew to be paid at a specified time, and gave him a coat of mail of his as a pledge. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتِ اشْتَرَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ طَعَامًا من يَهُودِيٍّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ وَرَهَنَهُ دِرْعًا لَهُ مِنْ حَدِيد

Hadith 2885
صَحِيح — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 1

She said that when God’s Messenger died his coat of mail was in pledge with a Jew for thirty sa's of barley. Bukhari transmitted it.

وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَدِرْعُهُ مَرْهُونَةٌ عِنْدَ يَهُودِيٍّ بِثَلَاثِينَ صَاعا من شعير رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ

Hadith 2886
صَحِيحٌ — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 1

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “An animal may be ridden for payment when it is in pledge and the milk of milch-camels may be drunk of payment when in pledge, payment being made by the one who rides and the one who drinks.” Bukhari transmitted it.

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الظَّهْرُ يُرْكَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَلَبَنُ الدَّرِّ يُشْرَبُ بِنَفَقَتِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَعَلَى الَّذِي يركب وَيشْرب النَّفَقَة رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ

Hadith 2887, 2888
لم تتمّ دراسته, لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 2

Sa'id b. al-Musayyib reported God’s Messenger as saying, “A pledge does not become lost to its owner when he does not redeem it in time. Any increase in its value goes to him and any loss must be borne by him.” Shafi'i transmitted it in mursal form, and something similar or something with a similar meaning with no discrepancy is transmitted on the authority of Abu Huraira with a fully connected isnad.

عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَغْلَقُ الرَّهْنُ الرَّهْنَ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي رَهَنَهُ لَهُ غنمه وَعَلِيهِ غرمه رَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِي مُرْسلاوَرُوِيَ مثله أَو مثل مَعْنَاهُ لَا يُخَالف عَنهُ عَن أبي هُرَيْرَة مُتَّصِلا

Hadith 2889
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 2

Ibn ‘Umar reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “The measure of capacity is that used by the people of Medina and the measure of weight is that used by the people of Mecca.” Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمِكْيَالُ مِكْيَالُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَالْمِيزَانُ مِيزَانُ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيّ

Hadith 2890
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 2

Ibn ‘Abbas reported God’s Messenger as saying to those who measured commodities by capacity and those who measured by weight, “You have been put in charge of two matters because of which peoples of the past before your time perished.” Tirmidhi transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِأَصْحَابِ الْكَيْلِ وَالْمِيزَانِ إِنَّكُمْ قَدْ وُلِّيتُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ هَلَكَتْ فِيهِمَا الْأُمَمُ السَّابِقَة قبلكُمْ رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ

Hadith 2891
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Payment in Advance and Pledge - Section 3

Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone pays in advance for an article he may not transfer, it to someone else before he receives it.” Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فِي شَيْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفْهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ

Hadith 2892

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 1

Ma'mar reported God's Messenger as saying, “If anyone keeps goods till the price rises he is a sinner.” Muslim transmitted it.

عَن معمر قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنِ احْتَكَرَ فَهُوَ خَاطِئٌ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ

Hadith 2893
ضَعِيف — الألباني

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 2

‘Umar reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “He who brings goods for sale is blessed with good fortune, but he who keeps them till the price rises is accursed.” Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

عَنْ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْجَالِبُ مَرْزُوقٌ والمحتكر مَلْعُون رَوَاهُ ابْن مَاجَه والدارمي

Hadith 2894
صَحِيح — الألباني

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 2

Anas said that when prices were high in the Prophet’s time the people asked him to fix prices for them, but he replied, “God is the One who fixes prices, who withholds, gives lavishly and provides, and I hope that when I meet my Lord none of you will have any claim on me for an injustice regarding blood or property.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.

وَعَن أنس قَالَ غَلَا السِّعْرُ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ سَعِّرْ لَنَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْمُسَعِّرُ الْقَابِضُ الْبَاسِطُ الرَّازِقُ وَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ أَلْقَى رَبِّي وَلَيْسَ أحد مِنْكُم يطلبنني بمظلة بِدَمٍ وَلَا مَالٍ رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ

Hadith 2895
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 3

‘Umar b. al-Khattab told of hearing God’s Messenger say, “If anyone keeps grain from the Muslims waiting for the price to rise, God will smite him with tubercular leprosy* and insolvency.” Ibn Majah, Baihaqi, in Shu'ab al-iman, and Razin in his book transmitted it. * Judham.

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنِ احْتَكَرَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ طَعَامَهُمْ ضَرَبَهُ اللَّهُ بِالْجُذَامِ وَالْإِفْلَاسِ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ وَرَزِينٌ فِي كِتَابِهِ

Hadith 2896
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 3

Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone with-holds grain for forty days thereby desiring a high price, he has renounced God and God has renounced him.” Razin transmitted it.

وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنِ احْتَكَرَ طَعَامًا أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا يُرِيدُ بِهِ الْغَلَاءَ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَبَرِئَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ رَوَاهُ رَزِينٌ

Hadith 2897
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 3

Mu‘adh told of hearing God’s Messenger say, “The man who withholds goods is evil. If God lowers prices he is grieved, and if He raises them he is happy.” Baihaqi transmitted it in Shu'ab al-lman and Razin in his book.

وَعَنْ مُعَاذٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ الْمُحْتَكِرُ إِنْ أَرْخَصَ اللَّهُ الْأَسْعَارَ حَزِنَ وَإِنْ أَغْلَاهَا فَرِحَ رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ وَرَزِينٌ فِي كِتَابِهِ

Hadith 2898
لم تتمّ دراسته — الألباني

Withholding Goods till their Price Rises - Section 3

Abu Umama reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone hoards grain for forty days and then gives it in sadaqa, that will not act as an atonement for him.” Razin transmitted it.

وَعَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنِ احْتَكَرَ طَعَامًا أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا ثمَّ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كَفَّارَةً رَوَاهُ رزين

Hadith 2899
مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ — الألباني

Insolvency and Respite - Section 1

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone becomes insolvent and a creditor finds his very property with him, he is more entitled to it than anyone else.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَفْلَسَ فَأَدْرَكَ رَجُلٌ مَالَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَق بِهِ من غَيره

Hadith 2900
صَحِيح — الألباني

Insolvency and Respite - Section 1

Abu Sa'id said that in the time of the Prophet (ﷺ) a man suffered loss affecting fruits he had bought and owed a large debt, so God’s messenger told the people to give him sadaqa and they did so, but as that was not enough to pay the debt in full God’s Messenger said to his creditors, “Take what you can find, but that is all you may have.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَن أبي سعيد قَالَ أُصِيبَ رَجُلٌ فِي عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ثِمَارٍ ابْتَاعَهَا فَكَثُرَ دينه فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ فَتَصَّدَّقَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَلِك وَفَاء دينه فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِغُرَمَائِهِ خُذُوا مَا وَجَدْتُمْ وَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَّا ذَلِك رَوَاهُ مُسلم

Hadith 2901
مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ — الألباني

Insolvency and Respite - Section 1

Abu Huraira said that the Prophet (ﷺ) told of a man who used to make loans and say to his servant, “When you come to one who is in straitened circumstances forgive him, for perhaps God may forgive us.” He said that when he met God He forgave him. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ كَانَ رجل يدائن النَّاسَ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ لِفَتَاهُ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ مُعْسِرًا تجَاوز عَنهُ لَعَلَّ الله أَن يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنَّا قَالَ فَلَقِيَ اللَّهَ فَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ

Hadith 2902
صَحِيح — الألباني

Insolvency and Respite - Section 1

Abu Qatada reported God's Messenger as saying, “If anyone would like God to save him from the anxieties of the day of resurrection, he should grant a respite to one who is in straitened circumstances, or remit his debt.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يُنْجِيَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلْيُنَفِّسْ عَنْ مُعْسِرٍ أَوْ يَضَعْ عَنْهُ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ

Hadith 2903
صَحِيح — الألباني

Insolvency and Respite - Section 1

He told of hearing God’s Messenger say, “He who grants a respite to one who is in straitened circumstances or who remits his debt will be saved by God from the anxieties of the day of resurrection.” Muslim transmitted it.

وَعَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ وَضَعَ عَنْهُ أَنْجَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَة رَوَاهُ مُسلم