Allah's Statement: "And spend in the Cause of Allah (i.e., Jihad of all kinds), and do not throw yourselves into destruction (by not spending your wealth in the Cause of Allah), and do good. Truly, Allah loves A1-Muhsinun (the good-doers) ." (V.2:195)
Narrated Abu Wail:
Hudhaifa said, "The Verse:--
"And spend (of your wealth) in the Cause of Allah and do not throw yourselves in destruction,"
(2.195) was revealed concerning spending in Allah's Cause (i.e. Jihad).
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَائِلٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ [ 2 195 195]وَأَنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلاَ تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي النَّفَقَةِ
The Statement of Allah "And whosoever of you is ill or has an ailment in his scalp..." (V.2:196)
Narrated `Abdullah bin Maqal:
I sat with Ka`b bin Ujra in this mosque, i.e. Kufa Mosque, and asked him about the meaning of: "Pay
a ransom (i.e. Fidya) of either fasting or . . . . (2.196)" He said, "I was taken to the Prophet (ﷺ) while lice
were falling on my face. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'I did not think that your trouble reached to such an extent.
Can you afford to slaughter a sheep (as a ransom for shaving your head)?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'Then
fast for three days, or feed six poor persons by giving half a Sa of food for each and shave your head.'
So the above Verse was revealed especially for me and generally for all of you."
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الأَصْبَهَانِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَعْقِلٍ قَالَ قَعَدْتُ إِلَى كَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ فِي هَذَا الْمَسْجِدِ ـ يَعْنِي مَسْجِدَ الْكُوفَةِ ـ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ فِدْيَةٌ مِنْ صِيَامٍ فَقَالَ حُمِلْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَالْقَمْلُ يَتَنَاثَرُ عَلَى وَجْهِي فَقَالَ مَا كُنْتُ أُرَى أَنَّ الْجَهْدَ قَدْ بَلَغَ بِكَ هَذَا أَمَا تَجِدُ شَاةً قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ صُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوْ أَطْعِمْ سِتَّةَ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاحْلِقْ رَأْسَكَ فَنَزَلَتْ فِيَّ خَاصَّةً وَهْىَ لَكُمْ عَامَّةً
"...And whosoever performs the 'Umra in the months of Hajj before (performing) the Hajj (i.e., Hajj At.Tamattu' and AI-Qiran) ." (V.2:196)
Narrated `Imran bin Husain:
The Verse of Hajj-at-Tamatu was revealed in Allah's Book, so we performed it with Allah's Messenger,
and nothing was revealed in Qur'an to make it illegal, nor did the Prophet (ﷺ) prohibit it till he died. But
the man (who regarded it illegal) just expressed what his own mind suggested.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنْ عِمْرَانَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو رَجَاءٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ أُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الْمُتْعَةِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَفَعَلْنَاهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلَمْ يُنْزَلْ قُرْآنٌ يُحَرِّمُهُ وَلَمْ يَنْهَ عَنْهَا حَتَّى مَاتَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ بِرَأْيِهِ مَا شَاءَ
"There is no sin on you if you ask the Bounty of your Lord (during pilgrimage by trading)..." (V.2:198)
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
`Ukaz, Mijanna and Dhul-Majaz were markets during the Pre-islamic Period. They (i.e. Muslims)
considered it a sin to trade there during the Hajj time (i.e. season), so this Verse was revealed:--
"There is no harm for you if you seek of the Bounty of your Lord during the Hajj season." (2.198)
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ كَانَتْ عُكَاظٌ وَمَجَنَّةُ وَذُو الْمَجَازِ أَسْوَاقًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَتَأَثَّمُوا أَنْ يَتَّجِرُوا فِي الْمَوَاسِمِ فَنَزَلَتْ [ 2 198 198]لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ تَبْتَغُوا فَضْلاً مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ فِي مَوَاسِمِ الْحَجِّ
"Then depart from the place whence all the people depart..." (V.2:199)
Narrated `Aisha:
The Quraish people and those who embraced their religion, used to stay at Muzdalifa and used to call
themselves Al-Hums, while the rest of the Arabs used to stay at `Arafat. When Islam came, Allah
ordered His Prophet to go to `Arafat and stay at it, and then pass on from there, and that is what is
meant by the Statement of Allah:--"Then depart from the place whence all the people depart......"
(2.199)
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَازِمٍ حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ وَمَنْ دَانَ دِينَهَا يَقِفُونَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَكَانُوا يُسَمَّوْنَ الْحُمْسَ وَكَانَ سَائِرُ الْعَرَبِ يَقِفُونَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الإِسْلاَمُ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ يَأْتِيَ عَرَفَاتٍ ثُمَّ يَقِفَ بِهَا ثُمَّ يُفِيضَ مِنْهَا فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى [ 2 199 199]ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ
"Then depart from the place whence all the people depart..." (V.2:199)
Narrated Ibn `Abbas:
A man who wants to perform the Hajj (from Mecca) can perform the Tawaf around the Ka`ba as long
as he is not in the state of Ihram till he assumes the Ihram for Hajj. Then, if he rides and proceeds to
`Arafat, he should take a Hadi (i.e. animal for sacrifice), either a camel or a cow or a sheep, whatever
he can afford; but if he cannot afford it, he should fast for three days during the Hajj before the day of
`Arafat, but if the third day of his fasting happens to be the day of `Arafat (i.e. 9th of Dhul-Hijja) then
it is no sin for him (to fast on it). Then he should proceed to `Arafat and stay there from the time of the
`Asr prayer till darkness falls. Then the pilgrims should proceed from `Arafat, and when they have
departed from it, they reach Jam' (i.e. Al-Muzdalifa) where they ask Allah to help them to be
righteous and dutiful to Him, and there they remember Allah greatly or say Takbir (i.e. Allah is
Greater) and Tahlil (i.e. None has the right to be worshipped but Allah) repeatedly before dawn
breaks. Then, after offering the morning (Fajr) prayer you should pass on (to Mina) for the people
used to do so and Allah said:--
"Then depart from the place whence all the people depart. And ask for Allah's Forgiveness. Truly!
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (2.199) Then you should go on doing so till you throw
pebbles over the Jamra.
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ أَخْبَرَنِي كُرَيْبٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ يَطَوَّفُ الرَّجُلُ بِالْبَيْتِ مَا كَانَ حَلاَلاً حَتَّى يُهِلَّ بِالْحَجِّ فَإِذَا رَكِبَ إِلَى عَرَفَةَ فَمَنْ تَيَسَّرَ لَهُ هَدِيَّةٌ مِنَ الإِبِلِ أَوِ الْبَقَرِ أَوِ الْغَنَمِ مَا تَيَسَّرَ لَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَىَّ ذَلِكَ شَاءَ غَيْرَ إِنْ لَمْ يَتَيَسَّرْ لَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ فَإِنْ كَانَ آخِرُ يَوْمٍ مِنَ الأَيَّامِ الثَّلاَثَةِ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ لِيَنْطَلِقْ حَتَّى يَقِفَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ مِنْ صَلاَةِ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ الظَّلاَمُ ثُمَّ لِيَدْفَعُوا مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ إِذَا أَفَاضُوا مِنْهَا حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا جَمْعًا الَّذِي يُتَبَرَّرُ فِيهِ ثُمَّ لِيَذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا أَوْ أَكْثِرُوا التَّكْبِيرَ وَالتَّهْلِيلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُصْبِحُوا ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ كَانُوا يُفِيضُونَ وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى [ 2 199 199]ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ حَتَّى تَرْمُوا الْجَمْرَةَ
"And of them there are some who say: 'Our Lord! Give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good...'" (V.2:201)
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to say, "O Allah! Our Lord! Give us in this world that, which is good and in the
Hereafter that, which is good and save us from the torment of the Fire." (2.201)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
"...Yet he is the most quarrelsome of the opponents." (V.2:204)
Narrated `Aisha:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The most hated man in the Sight of Allah is the one who is the most quarrelsome."
حَدَّثَنَا قَبِيصَةُ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ تَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ أَبْغَضُ الرِّجَالِ إِلَى اللَّهِ الأَلَدُّ الْخَصِمُ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم
"Or think you that you will enter Paradise without such (trials) as came to those who passed away before you?" (V.2:214)
Narrated Ibn Abu Mulaika:
Ibn `Abbas recited: "(Respite will be granted) until when the Apostles gave up hope (of their people)
and thought that they were denied (by their people). There came to them Our Help ...." (12.110)
reading Kudhibu without doubling the sound 'dh', and that was what he understood of the Verse. Then
he went on reciting: "..even the Apostle and those who believed along with him said: When (will
come) Allah's Help? Yes, verily, Allah's Help is near." (2.214)
Then I met `Urwa bin Az-Zubair and I mentioned that to him. He said, "Aisha said, 'Allah forbid! By
Allah, Allah never promised His Apostle anything but he knew that it would certainly happen before
he died. But trials were continuously presented before the Apostles till they were afraid that their
followers would accuse them of telling lies. So I used to recite:--
"Till they (come to) think that they were treated as liars." reading 'Kudh-dhibu with double 'dh.'
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ يَقُولُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ [ 12 110 110]حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَيْأَسَ الرُّسُلُ وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا خَفِيفَةً ذَهَبَ بِهَا هُنَاكَ وَتَلاَ [ 2 214 214]حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّسُولُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ مَتَى نَصْرُ اللَّهِ أَلاَ إِنَّ نَصْرَ اللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ فَلَقِيتُ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهِ مَا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ مِنْ شَىْءٍ قَطُّ إِلاَّ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ كَائِنٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ وَلَكِنْ لَمْ يَزَلِ الْبَلاَءُ بِالرُّسُلِ حَتَّى خَافُوا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَنْ مَعَهُمْ يُكَذِّبُونَهُمْ فَكَانَتْ تَقْرَؤُهَا [ 12 110 110]وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِّبُوا مُثَقَّلَةً
"Your wives are a tilth for you; so go to your tilth (have sexual relations with your wives in any manner as long as it is in the vagina and not in the anus) when or how you will..." (V.2:223)
Narrated Nafi`:
Whenever Ibn `Umar recited the Qur'an, he would not speak to anyone till he had finished his
recitation. Once I held the Qur'an and he recited Surat-al-Baqara from his memory and then stopped at
a certain Verse and said, "Do you know in what connection this Verse was revealed? " I replied, "No."
He said, "It was revealed in such-and-such connection." Ibn `Umar then resumed his recitation. Nafi`
added regarding the Verse:--"So go to your tilth when or how you will" Ibn `Umar said, "It means one
should approach his wife in .."
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ إِذَا قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ حَتَّى يَفْرُغَ مِنْهُ فَأَخَذْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمًا فَقَرَأَ سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى مَكَانٍ قَالَ تَدْرِي فِيمَا أُنْزِلَتْ قُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي كَذَا وَكَذَا ثُمَّ مَضَى وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي حَدَّثَنِي أَيُّوبُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ [ 2 223 223]فَأْتُوا حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّى شِئْتُمْ قَالَ يَأْتِيهَا فِي رَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ
"Your wives are a tilth for you; so go to your tilth (have sexual relations with your wives in any manner as long as it is in the vagina and not in the anus) when or how you will..." (V.2:223)
Narrated Jabir:
Jews used to say: "If one has sexual intercourse with his wife from the back, then she will deliver a
squint-eyed child." So this Verse was revealed:--
"Your wives are a tilth unto you; so go to your tilth when or how you will." (2.223)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كَانَتِ الْيَهُودُ تَقُولُ إِذَا جَامَعَهَا مِنْ وَرَائِهَا جَاءَ الْوَلَدُ أَحْوَلَ فَنَزَلَتْ [ 2 221 221]نِسَاؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ فَأْتُوا حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّى شِئْتُمْ
"And when you have divorced women and they have fulfilled the term of their prescribed period, do not prevent them from marrying their (former) husbands..." (V.2:232)
Narrated Al-Hasan:
The sister of Ma'qal bin Yasar was divorced by her husband who left her till she had fulfilled her term
of 'Iddat (i.e. the period which should elapse before she can Remarry) and then he wanted to remarry
her but Maqal refused, so this Verse was revealed:--
"Do not prevent them from marrying their (former) husbands." (2.232)
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ قَالَ كَانَتْ لِي أُخْتٌ تُخْطَبُ إِلَىَّ وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ حَدَّثَنِي مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّ أُخْتَ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا فَتَرَكَهَا حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا فَخَطَبَهَا فَأَبَى مَعْقِلٌ فَنَزَلَتْ [ 2 232 232]فَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَنْ يَنْكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ
"Guard strictly the (five obligatory) A.s-Salawãt (the prayers), especially the middle SaM! (i.e., the best prayer - 'Asr) .. ." (V.2:238)
Narrated Ibn Az-Zubair:
I said to `Uthman bin `Affan (while he was collecting the Qur'an) regarding the Verse:-- "Those of
you who die and leave wives ..." (2.240) "This Verse was abrogated by an other Verse. So why
should you write it? (Or leave it in the Qur'an)?" `Uthman said. "O son of my brother! I will not shift
anything of it from its place."
حَدَّثَنِي أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ بِسْطَامٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ حَبِيبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ قُلْتُ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ [ 2 234 234]وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا قَالَ قَدْ نَسَخَتْهَا الآيَةُ الأُخْرَى فَلِمَ تَكْتُبُهَا أَوْ تَدَعُهَا قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لاَ أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ
"Guard strictly the (five obligatory) A.s-Salawãt (the prayers), especially the middle SaM! (i.e., the best prayer - 'Asr) .. ." (V.2:238)
Narrated Mujahi:
(regarding the Verse):-- "Those of you who die and leave wives behind. They - (their wives) -- shall
wait (as regards their marriage ) for four months and ten days)." (2.234)
The widow, according to this Verse, was to spend this period of waiting with her husband's family, so
Allah revealed: "Those of you who die and leave wives (i.e. widows) should bequeath for their wives,
a year's maintenance and residences without turning them out, but if they leave (their residence), there
is no blame on you for what they do with themselves provided it is honorable.' (i.e. lawful marriage)
(2.240).
So Allah entitled the widow to be bequeathed extra maintenance for seven months and twenty nights,
and that is the completion of one year. If she wished she could stay (in her husband's home) according
to the will, and she could leave it if she wished, as Allah says:
"..without turning them out, but if they leave (the residence), there is no blame on you." So the 'Idda
(i.e. four months and ten days as it) is obligatory for her.
'Ata said: Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse, i.e. the Statement of Allah: "..without turning them out.."
cancelled the obligation of staying for the waiting period in her dead husband's house, and she can
complete this period wherever she likes." 'Ata's aid: If she wished, she could complete her 'Idda by
staying in her dead husband's residence according to the will or leave it according to Allah's
Statement:--
"There is no blame on you for what they do with themselves." `Ata' added: Later the regulations of
inheritance came and abrogated the order of the dwelling of the widow (in her dead husband's house),
so she could complete the 'Idda wherever she likes. And it was no longer necessary to provide her
with a residence. Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse abrogated her (i.e. widow's) dwelling in her dead
husband's house and she could complete the 'Idda (i.e. four months and ten days) wherever she liked,
as Allah's Statement says:--"...without turning them out..."
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ حَدَّثَنَا شِبْلٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ [ 2 234 234]وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا قَالَ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ الْعِدَّةُ تَعْتَدُّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ زَوْجِهَا وَاجِبٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ [ 2 240 240]وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ مِنْ مَعْرُوفٍ قَالَ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهَا تَمَامَ السَّنَةِ سَبْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً وَصِيَّةً إِنْ شَاءَتْ سَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ وَهْوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى [ 2 240 240]غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَالْعِدَّةُ كَمَا هِيَ وَاجِبٌ عَلَيْهَا زَعَمَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ وَهْوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى [ 2 240 240]غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ إِنْ شَاءَتِ اعْتَدَّتْ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ وَسَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى [ 2 234 234]فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْمِيرَاثُ فَنَسَخَ السُّكْنَى فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ وَلاَ سُكْنَى لَهَا وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنَا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ بِهَذَا وَعَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا فِي أَهْلِهَا فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ [ 2 240 240]غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ نَحْوَهُ
"Guard strictly the (five obligatory) A.s-Salawãt (the prayers), especially the middle SaM! (i.e., the best prayer - 'Asr) .. ." (V.2:238)
Narrated Muhammad bin Seereen:
I sat in a gathering in which the chiefs of the Ansar were present, and `Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Laila
was amongst them. I mentioned the narration of `Abdullah bin `Utba regarding the question of Subai'a
bint Al-Harith. `Abdur-Rahman said, "But `Abdullah's uncle used not to say so." I said, "I am too
brave if I tell a lie concerning a person who is now in Al-Kufa," and I raised my voice. Then I went
out and met Malik bin 'Amir or Malik bin `Auf, and said, "What was the verdict of Ibn Mas`ud about
the pregnant widow whose husband had died?" He replied, "Ibn Mas`ud said, 'Why do you impose on
her the hard order and don't let her make use of the leave? The shorter Sura of women (i.e. Surat-at-
Talaq) was revealed after the longer Sura (i.e. Surat-al-Baqara)." (i.e. Her 'Idda is up till she delivers.)
حَدَّثَنَا حِبَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ قَالَ جَلَسْتُ إِلَى مَجْلِسٍ فِيهِ عُظْمٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ وَفِيهِمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى فَذَكَرْتُ حَدِيثَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ فِي شَأْنِ سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَلَكِنَّ عَمَّهُ كَانَ لاَ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي لَجَرِيءٌ إِنْ كَذَبْتُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فِي جَانِبِ الْكُوفَةِ وَرَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ فَلَقِيتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ أَوْ مَالِكَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ كَانَ قَوْلُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فِي الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَهْىَ حَامِلٌ فَقَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ أَتَجْعَلُونَ عَلَيْهَا التَّغْلِيظَ وَلاَ تَجْعَلُونَ لَهَا الرُّخْصَةَ لَنَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ الْقُصْرَى بَعْدَ الطُّولَى وَقَالَ أَيُّوبُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ لَقِيتُ أَبَا عَطِيَّةَ مَالِكَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ
"Guard strictly the (five obligatory) A.s-Salawãt (the prayers), especially the middle SaM! (i.e., the best prayer - 'Asr) .. ." (V.2:238)
Narrated `Ali (through two chains):
On the day of Al-Khandaq (the battle of the Trench). the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "They (i.e. pagans prevented us
from offering the middle (the Best) Prayer till the sun had set. May Allah fill their graves, their houses
(or their bodies) with fire."
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ هِشَامٌ حَدَّثَنَا قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ حَبَسُونَا عَنْ صَلاَةِ الْوُسْطَى حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ مَلأَ اللَّهُ قُبُورَهُمْ وَبُيُوتَهُمْ أَوْ أَجْوَافَهُمْ ـ شَكَّ يَحْيَى ـ نَارًا
"...And stand before Allah with obedience [and do not speak to others during the Salat (prayers)]” (V.2:238)
Narrated Zaid bin Arqam:
We used to speak while in prayer. One of us used to speak to his brother (while in prayer) about his
need, till the Verse was revealed:--
"Guard strictly the (five obligatory) prayers, especially the middle (the Best) (`Asr) Prayer and stand
before Allah with obedience (and not to speak to others during the prayers)." Then we were ordered
not to speak in the prayers.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ شُبَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ كُنَّا نَتَكَلَّمُ فِي الصَّلاَةِ يُكَلِّمُ أَحَدُنَا أَخَاهُ فِي حَاجَتِهِ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ [ 2 238 238]حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلاَةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ فَأُمِرْنَا بِالسُّكُوتِ
Allah's Statement: "If you fear (an enemy), perform Salãt (prayer) on foot or riding. And when you are in safety..." (V.2:239)
Narrated Nafi`:
Whenever `Abdullah bin `Umar was asked about Salat-al-Khauf (i.e. prayer of fear) he said, "The
Imam comes forward with a group of people and leads them in a one rak`a prayer while another group
from them who has not prayed yet, stay between the praying group and the enemy. When those who
are with the Imam have finished their one rak`a, they retreat and take the positions of those who have
not prayed but they will not finish their prayers with Taslim. Those who have not prayed, come
forward to offer a rak`a with the Imam (while the first group covers them from the enemy). Then the
Imam, having offered two rak`at, finishes his prayer. Then each member of the two groups offer the
second rak`a alone after the Imam has finished his prayer. Thus each one of the two groups will have
offered two rak`at. But if the fear is too great, they can pray standing on their feet or riding on their
mounts, facing the Qibla or not." Nafi` added: I do not think that `Abdullah bin `Umar narrated this
except from Allah's Messenger (See Hadith No. 451, Vol 5 to know exactly "The Fear Prayer.")
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ كَانَ إِذَا سُئِلَ عَنْ صَلاَةِ الْخَوْفِ قَالَ يَتَقَدَّمُ الإِمَامُ وَطَائِفَةٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمِ الإِمَامُ رَكْعَةً وَتَكُونُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْعَدُوِّ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا فَإِذَا صَلَّوُا الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ رَكْعَةً اسْتَأْخَرُوا مَكَانَ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا وَلاَ يُسَلِّمُونَ وَيَتَقَدَّمُ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا فَيُصَلُّونَ مَعَهُ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ الإِمَامُ وَقَدْ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَيَقُومُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ فَيُصَلُّونَ لأَنْفُسِهِمْ رَكْعَةً بَعْدَ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ الإِمَامُ فَيَكُونُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ قَدْ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَإِنْ كَانَ خَوْفٌ هُوَ أَشَدَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ صَلَّوْا رِجَالاً قِيَامًا عَلَى أَقْدَامِهِمْ أَوْ رُكْبَانًا مُسْتَقْبِلِي الْقِبْلَةِ أَوْ غَيْرَ مُسْتَقْبِلِيهَا قَالَ مَالِكٌ قَالَ نَافِعٌ لاَ أُرَى عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم
"And those of you who die and leave behind wives..." (V.2:240)
Narrated Ibn Az-Zubair:
I said to `Uthman, "This Verse which is in Surat-al-Baqara:
"Those of you who die and leave widows behind...without turning them out." has been abrogated by
another Verse. Why then do you write it (in the Qur'an)?" `Uthman said. "Leave it (where it is), O the
son of my brother, for I will not shift anything of it (i.e. the Qur'an) from its original position."
حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي الأَسْوَدِ حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ الأَسْوَدِ وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَبِيبُ بْنُ الشَّهِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ قُلْتُ لِعُثْمَانَ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي الْبَقَرَةِ [ 2 234 234]وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ [ 2 240 240]غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ قَدْ نَسَخَتْهَا الأُخْرَى فَلِمَ تَكْتُبُهَا قَالَ تَدَعُهَا يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لاَ أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ أَوْ نَحْوَ هَذَا
"And (remember) when Ibrãhim (Abraham) said: My Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead..." (V.2:260)
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "We have more right to be in doubt than Abraham when he said, 'My Lord!
Show me how You give life to the dead.' He said, 'Do you not believe?' He said, 'Yes (I believe) but to
be stronger in Faith.' "(2.260)
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَسَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالشَّكِّ مِنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِذْ قَالَ [ 2 260 260]رَبِّ أَرِنِي كَيْفَ تُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى قَالَ أَوَلَمْ تُؤْمِنْ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَكِنْ لِيَطْمَئِنَّ قَلْبِي