Sahih al-Bukhari
كتاب البيوع
The sale of fruits before their benefit is evident
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of fruits till their benefit is evident. He forbade both the seller and the buyer (such sale).
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهَا نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُبْتَاعَ
The sale of fruits before their benefit is evident
Narrated Anas:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of date fruits till they were ripe. Abu `Abdullah (Al-Bukhari) said, "That means till they were red (can be eaten).
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مُقَاتِلٍ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنَا حُمَيْدٌ الطَّوِيلُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى أَنْ تُبَاعَ ثَمَرَةُ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى تَزْهُوَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي حَتَّى تَحْمَرَّ
The sale of fruits before their benefit is evident
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the s of (date) fruits till they were red or yellow and fit for eating.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ سَلِيمِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مِينَا قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ تُبَاعَ الثَّمَرَةُ حَتَّى تُشَقِّحَ فَقِيلَ مَا تُشَقِّحُ قَالَ تَحْمَارُّ وَتَصْفَارُّ وَيُؤْكَلُ مِنْهَا
The sale of date-palms before their benefit is evident
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the sale of fruits till their benefit is evident; and the sale of date palms till the dates are almost ripe. He was asked what 'are almost ripe' meant. He replied, "Got red and yellow."
حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَلًّى حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ أَخْبَرَنَا حُمَيْدٌ حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرَةِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهَا وَعَنِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ قِيلَ وَمَا يَزْهُو قَالَ يَحْمَارُّ أَوْ يَصْفَارُّ
If somebody sells fruits before their benefit is evident
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the sale of fruits till they are almost ripe. He was asked what is meant by 'are almost ripe.' He replied, "Till they become red." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) further said, "If Allah spoiled the fruits, what right would one have to take the money of one's brother (i.e. other people)?"
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى تُزْهِيَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَمَا تُزْهِي قَالَ حَتَّى تَحْمَرَّ فَقَالَ أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا مَنَعَ اللَّهُ الثَّمَرَةَ بِمَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَالَ أَخِيهِ
If somebody sells fruits before their benefit is evident
Narrated Ibn Shihab: If somebody bought fruits before their benefit is evident and then the fruits were spoiled with blights, the loss would be suffered by the owner (not the buyer).
Narrated Salim bin 'Abdullah from Ibn Umar: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Do not sell or buy fruits before their benefit was evident and do not sell fresh fruits (dates) for dried dates."
قَالَ اللَّيْثُ حَدَّثَنِي يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً ابْتَاعَ ثَمَرًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهُ ثُمَّ أَصَابَتْهُ عَاهَةٌ كَانَ مَا أَصَابَهُ عَلَى رَبِّهِ أَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لاَ تَتَبَايَعُوا الثَّمَرَ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهَا وَلاَ تَبِيعُوا الثَّمَرَ بِالتَّمْرِ
To buy foodstuff on credit
Narrated `Aisha:
The Prophet (ﷺ) bought some foodstuff from a Jew on credit and mortgaged his armor to him.
حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ غِيَاثٍ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ قَالَ ذَكَرْنَا عِنْدَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الرَّهْنَ فِي السَّلَفِ فَقَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَنَا عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا مِنْ يَهُودِيٍّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَرَهَنَهُ دِرْعَهُ
To buy dates for Riba-Al-Fadl
Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri and Abu Huraira:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) appointed somebody as a governor of Khaibar. That governor brought to him an excellent kind of dates (from Khaibar). The Prophet (ﷺ) asked, "Are all the dates of Khaibar like this?" He replied, "By Allah, no, O Allah's Messenger! But we barter one Sa of this (type of dates) for two Sas of dates of ours and two Sas of it for three of ours." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Do not do so (as that is a kind of usury) but sell the mixed dates (of inferior quality) for money, and then buy good dates with that money."
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ بْنِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلاً عَلَى خَيْبَرَ فَجَاءَهُ بِتَمْرٍ جَنِيبٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَكُلُّ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ هَكَذَا قَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا لَنَأْخُذُ الصَّاعَ مِنْ هَذَا بِالصَّاعَيْنِ وَالصَّاعَيْنِ بِالثَّلاَثَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ تَفْعَلْ بِعِ الْجَمْعَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ ثُمَّ ابْتَعْ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ جَنِيبًا
Sold or rented date-palms which were pollinated, or land which was sown
Narrated Nafi', the freed slave of Ibn 'Umar: If pollinated date-palms are sold and nothing is mentioned (in the contract) about their fruits, the fruits will go to the person who has pollinated them, and so will be the case with the slave and the cultivator. Nafi' mentioned those three things.
قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَقَالَ لِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ يُخْبِرُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ أَيُّمَا نَخْلٍ بِيعَتْ قَدْ أُبِّرَتْ لَمْ يُذْكَرِ الثَّمَرُ فَالثَّمَرُ لِلَّذِي أَبَّرَهَا وَكَذَلِكَ الْعَبْدُ وَالْحَرْثُ سَمَّى لَهُ نَافِعٌ هَؤُلاَءِ الثَّلاَثَ
Sold or rented date-palms which were pollinated, or land which was sown
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If somebody sells pollinated date palms, the fruits will be for the seller unless the buyer stipulates that they will be for himself (and the seller agrees).
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ مَنْ بَاعَ نَخْلاً قَدْ أُبِّرَتْ فَثَمَرُهَا لِلْبَائِعِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ
The sale of unharvested crops for a measured quantity of foodstuff
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Al-Muzabana, i.e. to sell ungathered dates of one's garden for measured dried dates or fresh ungathered grapes for measured dried grapes; or standing crops for measured quantity of foodstuff. He forbade all such bargains.
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ ثَمَرَ حَائِطِهِ إِنْ كَانَ نَخْلاً بِتَمْرٍ كَيْلاً وَإِنْ كَانَ كَرْمًا أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِزَبِيبٍ كَيْلاً أَوْ كَانَ زَرْعًا أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ بِكَيْلِ طَعَامٍ وَنَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ
The sale of datepalms completely
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever pollinates date palms and then sells them, the fruits will belong to him unless the buyer stipulates that the fruits should belong to him (and the seller agrees).
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ أَيُّمَا امْرِئٍ أَبَّرَ نَخْلاً ثُمَّ بَاعَ أَصْلَهَا فَلِلَّذِي أَبَّرَ ثَمَرُ النَّخْلِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَهُ الْمُبْتَاعُ
Bai' Al-Mukhadara
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Muhaqala, Mukhadara, Mulamasa, Munabadha and Muzabana. (See glossary and previous Hadiths for the meanings of these terms.)
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ يُونُسَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّهُ قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُخَاضَرَةِ وَالْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ
Bai' Al-Mukhadara
Narrated Humaid:
Anas said, "The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the selling of dates till they were almost ripe." We asked Anas, "What does 'almost ripe' mean?" He replied, "They get red and yellow. The Prophet (ﷺ) added, 'If Allah destroyed the fruits present on the trees, what right would the seller have to take the money of his brother (somebody else)?' "
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ ثَمَرِ التَّمْرِ حَتَّى تَزْهُوَ فَقُلْنَا لأَنَسٍ مَا زَهْوُهَا قَالَ تَحْمَرُّ وَتَصْفَرُّ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ مَنَعَ اللَّهُ الثَّمَرَةَ بِمَ تَسْتَحِلُّ مَالَ أَخِيكَ
The sale and eating of spadix
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
I was with the Prophet (ﷺ) while he was eating fresh dates. He said, "From the trees there is a tree which resembles a faithful believer." I wanted to say that it was the date palm, but I was the youngest among them (so I kept quiet). He added, "It is the date palm."
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ كُنْتُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهْوَ يَأْكُلُ جُمَّارًا فَقَالَ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ شَجَرَةٌ كَالرَّجُلِ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَقُولَ هِيَ النَّخْلَةُ فَإِذَا أَنَا أَحْدَثُهُمْ قَالَ هِيَ النَّخْلَةُ
Where there is no fixed judgement, the traditions and conventions of community are to be referred
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Abu Taiba cupped Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and so Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered that a Sa of dates be paid to him and ordered his masters (for he was a slave) to reduce his tax.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ حَجَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَبُو طَيْبَةَ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِصَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَأَمَرَ أَهْلَهُ أَنْ يُخَفِّفُوا عَنْهُ مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ
Where there is no fixed judgement, the traditions and conventions of community are to be referred
Narrated `Aisha:
Hind, the mother of Mu'awiya said to Allah's Messenger, "Abu Sufyan (her husband) is a miser. Am I allowed to take from his money secretly?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said to her, "You and your sons may take what is sufficient reasonably and fairly."
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ هِنْدٌ أُمُّ مُعَاوِيَةَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ شَحِيحٌ فَهَلْ عَلَىَّ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ آخُذَ مِنْ مَالِهِ سِرًّا قَالَ خُذِي أَنْتِ وَبَنُوكِ مَا يَكْفِيكِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
Where there is no fixed judgement, the traditions and conventions of community are to be referred
Narrated Hisham bin `Urwa from his father:
who heard Aisha saying, "The Holy Verse; 'Whoever amongst the guardians is rich, he should take no wages (from the property of the orphans) but If he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his labors)' (4.6) was revealed concerning the guardian of the orphans who looks after them and manages favorably their financial affairs; If the guardian Is poor, he could have from It what Is just and reasonable, (according to his labors).
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ فَرْقَدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ عُرْوَةَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ تَقُولُ [ 4 6 6]وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ أُنْزِلَتْ فِي وَالِي الْيَتِيمِ الَّذِي يُقِيمُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُصْلِحُ فِي مَالِهِ إِنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا أَكَلَ مِنْهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
Selling of a jointproperty by one to the other
Narrated Jabir:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave preemption (to the partner) in every joint property, but if the boundaries of the property were demarcated or the ways and streets were fixed, then there was no pre-emption.
حَدَّثَنِي مَحْمُودٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الشُّفْعَةَ فِي كُلِّ مَالٍ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ وَصُرِّفَتِ الطُّرُقُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ
The sale of undivided common belongings
Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) decided the validity of preemption in every joint undivided property, but if the boundaries were well marked or the ways and streets were fixed, then there was no pre-emption.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَحْبُوبٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَضَى النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالشُّفْعَةِ فِي كُلِّ مَالٍ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَإِذَا وَقَعَتِ الْحُدُودُ وَصُرِّفَتِ الطُّرُقُ فَلاَ شُفْعَةَ